Television of Montenegro: Features of Formation and Development
Abstract
The article deals with the formation and development of television in Montenegro in the XX–XXI centuries. Four periods are identified: the stage preceding the formation of television broadcasting (1904 – mid-1950s); the stage of formation and initial development of the Republican Montenegrin television broadcasting in the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) (mid-1950s – early 1990s); the stage of formation of autonomous television Montenegro after the collapse of the SFRY in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (early 1990s – early 2000s); the current stage, which is associated with the transformation of the state television in the public service TV (from 2002 to the present) in the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. The process was accelerating after the attainment of independence by Montenegro in 2006.
The modern system of television broadcasting in Montenegro fits into European trends. As of July 2019, 22 TV channels are officially registered in the country, broadcasting in digital terrestrial, cable and satellite television systems, as well as in IPTV networks. Broadcasting of the country has moved to a digital basis in DVB-T2 format and consists of two levels – national (MUX 1 multiplex) and regional (16 regional and local multiplexes covering all municipalities of Montenegro). The first multiplex includes five TV channels: two national public owned by RTCG and three private ones. There are two regional and three municipal public TV channels in the country. Three private TV channels have licenses for digital broadcasting in separate municipalities. At the international level, TVCG SAT, a satellite TV channel owned by the national public broadcaster RTCG, is broadcasting. Eight more officially registered private channels are present in pay-TV networks.
The development of television in Montenegro is approaching the point of saturation when further expansion of the number of TV channels is becoming increasingly difficult due to the relatively low population and relatively low level of economic development of the country, which limits the possibility of obtaining advertising revenues and expanding the number of public TV channels.
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