Visual Representation of Gender Images in Childhood Magazines of the Late Soviet Period (1960–1980s)
Abstract
In modern Russian society, cultural, social, political and economic changes undoubtedly transform the traditional content of gender roles. However, in the sphere of childhood literature and games for children, there is still a division into those intended for "girls" or "boys". This work is devoted to the formation of social stereotypes of behavior based on gender analysis of illustrations, games for children and materials for creative activity in the late Soviet period. The material used is magazines for children published from the 1960s to the 1980s, such as "Murzilka", "The Funny Pictures", "Pioneer", "Campfire" and "The Young Technician". The analysis of this material is carried out taking into account gender attitudes and based on the development of Soviet pedagogical thought.
Downloads
References
Bezrogov, V. G., Makarevich, G. V. (2010). Oblozhki shkol'nyh knig 1976–2006 godov: k voprosu o transformacii obrazov rebenka [School book covers of 1976–2006: on the question of transforming the images of the child]. In A. S. Obuhov, M. V. Tendrjakova (Eds.), Rebenok v istorii i kul'ture: trudy seminara "Kul'tura detstva: normy, cennosti, praktiki" [Child in history and culture: proceedings of the seminar "Culture of childhood: norms, values, practices"], Vol. 4 (pp. 9–29). Biblioteka zhurnala "Issledovatel'.
Brugeilles, C., Cromer, I., & Cromer, S. (2002). Male and Female Characters in Illustrated Children's Books or How children's literature contributes to the construction of gender. Population, 57(2), 237–268. https://www.persee.fr/doc/pop_1634-2941_2002_num_57_2_18392
Bruner, K., Ebitsch, S., Hildbrand, K., & Schories, M. (2019, January 11). Blaue Bücher, rosa Bücher [Blue books, pink books]. Süddeutsche Zeitung. https://projekte.sueddeutsche.de/artikel/kultur/gender-wie-gleichberechtigt-sind-kinderbuecher-e970817
Burghardt, L., Hemmerich, F., & Mues, A. (2020). Frühkindliche Wahrnehmung von Geschlechterrollen beim gemeinsamen Lesen von Bilderbüchern [Early childhood perception of gender roles when reading picture books together]. Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung, 15(3), 259–271.
Connell, R. (2015). Gender i vlast': Obshhestvo, lichnost' i gendernaja politika [Gender and Power: Society, Personality and Gender Policy] (T. Barchunova, Trans.). Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie.
Duncombe, J., & Marsden, D. (1995). “Workaholics” and “whingeing women”: theorising intimacy and emotion work: the last frontier of gender inequality’. Sociological Review, 43(1), 150–169.
Fomicheva, I. D. (2011). Issledovanija SMI: metodologija, podhody, metody: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie. Materialy lekcij dlja aspirantov fakul'teta zhurnalistiki MGU im. M. V. Lomonosova [Media research: methodology, approaches, methods: teaching aid. Materials of lectures for graduate students of the Faculty of Journalism, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University]. Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta.
Friedan, B. (1993). Zagadka zhenstvennosti [The mystery of femininity]. Progress, Litera.
Goffman, E. (1997). Gender Display from “Gender Advertisements: Studies in the Anthropology of Visual Communication” (C. Lemert, & A. Branaman, Eds.). Blackwell Publishing.
Kohn, I. S. (2009). Muzhchina v menyayushchemsya mire [A man in a changing world]. Vremja.
Kostyukhina, M. (2017). Zapiski kukly. Modnoe vospitanie v literature dlja devic konca XVIII – nachala XX veka [Doll`s notebook. Fashionable education in literature for girls of the late 18th – early 20th centuries]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie.
Kukulin, I. (2017). Periodika dlja ITR: sovetskie nauchno-populjarnye zhurnaly i modelirovanie interesov pozdnesovetskoj nauchno-tehnicheskoj intelligencii [Periodicals for engineers and technicians: Soviet popular science journals and modeling the interests of the late Soviet scientific and technical intelligentsia]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 145(3), 61‒85.
Lebina, N. (2007). Shestidesjatniki: slovo i telo (stilistika sovetskoj povsednevnosti 1950–1960-h godov) [The Sixties: Word and Body (Style of Soviet Everyday Life of the 1950s – 1960s)]. Teorija mody: odezhda, telo, kul'tura, (3), 325–348.
Lorber, J. (1994). Paradoxes of Gender. Yale University Press.
Pushkareva, N. L. (2012). Gendernaja sistema Sovetskoj Rossii i sud'by rossijanok [The gender system of Soviet Russia and the fate of Russian women]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 117(5), 8–24.
Rudlova, L. (2012). Devochki, krasota i zhenstvennost'. Postsovetskie "potrebitel'skie skazki": po materialam sovremennoj literatury dlja devochek-podrostkov [Girls, beauty and femininity. Post-Soviet "consumer fairy tales": based on materials of modern literature for teenage girls]. Teorija mody: odezhda, telo, kul'tura, (23), 10–39.
Sazonenko, M. A. (2020). Gendernyj aspekt v detskoj igrovoj kul'ture sovetskoj jepohi na primere detskih zhurnalov (1920‒1980 gody) [Gender Aspect in Children's Play Culture of the Soviet Era on the Example of Children's Magazines (1920–1980)]. Hudozhestvennaja kul'tura, (1), 393–412.
Zdravomyslova, E. A., Temkina, A. A. (2002). Krizis maskulinnosti v pozdnesovetskom diskurse [The crisis of masculinity in the late Soviet discourse]. S. Ushakin (Comp.), O muzhe(N)stvennosti. Sbornik statej (pp. 432–451). Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie.
Zdravomyslova, E. A., Temkina, A. A. (2003). Gosudarstvennoe konstruirovanie gendera v sovetskom obshhestve [State construction of gender in Soviet society]. Zhurnal issledovanij social'noj politiki, 1(3–4), 299–321.
Zdravomyslova, E. A., Temkina, A. A. (2015). 12 lekcij po gendernoj sociologii: uchebnoe posobie [12 lectures on gender sociology: study guide]. Izdatel'stvo Evropejskogo universiteta v Saint-Petersburg.
